A Study on Male Masturbation Duration Assisted by Masturbators
关于自慰者辅助男性自慰持续时间的研究

doi:10.56397/JIMR/2025.02.04

Keywords: male masturbator, erection function, masturbation duration
关键词：男性自慰者；勃起功能；自慰持续时间

Sexual needs, as a fundamental aspect of human life, are receiving growing attention, with the use of masturbation devices becoming increasingly prevalent, particularly among young people. Li et al. (2013) reported a significant positive correlation between education level and the likelihood of engaging in masturbation, with higher education levels linked to greater prevalence. Lv et al. (2021) conducted a study on Zhejiang University students and found that the masturbation rate among male college students reached $71.5\mathrm{\%}$$71.5\mathrm{\%}$71.5%71.5 \%, indicating that masturbation has become a common way for contemporary Chinese youth to meet their sexual needs. Male masturbators are divided into through-type and non-through-type (Döring N & Pöschl S., 2018) as shown in Figure 1. In response to different application needs, many types have been derived, including electric, disposable, and special-shaped masturbators. In response to different application needs, various types of masturbators have emerged, including electric, disposable and irregular-shaped.
性需求作为人类生活的一个基本方面，正受到越来越多的关注，手淫器具的使用也越来越普遍，尤其是在年轻人中。Li等人（2013）的研究报告指出，受教育程度与手淫的可能性之间存在显著的正相关，受教育程度越高，手淫的发生率越高。Lv等人（2021年）对浙江大学学生进行了一项研究，发现男大学生的自慰率达到 $71.5\mathrm{\%}$$71.5\mathrm{\%}$71.5%71.5 \% ，表明自慰已成为当代中国青年满足性需求的一种常见方式。男性自慰者分为通过型和非通过型（Döring N & Pöschl S., 2018），如图 1 所示。针对不同的应用需求，衍生出多种类型，包括电动自慰器、一次性自慰器和异形自慰器。针对不同的应用需求，衍生出了多种类型的自慰器，包括电动、一次性和异形自慰器。

However, the current research in the academic community mainly focuses on the use of male masturbators to assist male sexual dysfunction, and lacks research on the effects of male masturbation devices on normal male sexual ability. Fan et al. (2016) conducted a masturbation-assisted behavioral therapy on patients with masturbation ejaculation difficulty and found that 25 patients successfully ejaculated by themselves through masturbation during the treatment period, with an effective rate of $80.65\mathrm{\%}$$80.65\mathrm{\%}$80.65%80.65 \%. Masato Shirai et al. (2023) reported 18 patients diagnosed with ejaculatory dysfunction (ED) trained for 8 weeks by TENGA® Zero masturbator and the intravaginal ejaculation latency time increased significantly compared to the baseline, with the average value increasing from 103.91 s to 232.10 s, while Kobori et al. (2009) reported the rehabilitation for ejaculatory
然而，目前学界的研究主要集中在使用男性自慰器辅助男性性功能障碍，缺乏男性自慰器对男性正常性能力影响的研究。Fan等（2016）对手淫射精困难患者进行了手淫辅助行为治疗，发现25例患者在治疗期间通过手淫自行射精成功，有效率 $80.65\mathrm{\%}$$80.65\mathrm{\%}$80.65%80.65 \% 。Masato Shirai等（2023）报道了18名被诊断为射精功能障碍（ED）的患者通过TENGA®零自慰器训练8周后，阴道内射精潜伏时间与基线相比明显增加，平均值从103.91秒增加到232.10秒，而Kobori等（2009）报道了射精功能障碍患者的康复治疗效果。
dysfunction with masturbation devices. Rodríguez et al. (2016) reported that 18 patients with lifelong premature ejaculation (PE) used the TENGA® Flip Hole masturbator for 6 weeks. The results showed that the proportion who achieved the criteria for clinical benefit were 83 % in control over ejaculation during sexual intercourse. Therefore, we investigated the prolongation effects of 4 weeks training in a general population.
功能障碍的自慰装置。Rodríguez等人（2016年）报告了18名终身早泄（PE）患者使用TENGA®翻孔自慰器6周的情况。结果显示，达到临床获益标准的比例为 83%，他们在性交时能够控制射精。因此，我们研究了在普通人群中进行 4 周训练的延长效果。

The main outcome measure was the extension of masturbation duration as measured by a stopwatch and the vibration frequency is obtained through the vibration sensor (PolyGon 3D) worn on the arm. The secondary outcome measures were score improvements on the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (Symonds T, Perelman MA, Althof S, et al., 2007) (PEDT), International Index of Erectile Function (5 questions version) (Rosen RC, Riley A, Wagner G, Osterloh IH, Kirkpatrick J & Mishra A., 1997) (IIEF-5), Erection Hardness Score (Mulhall JP, Goldstein I, Bushmakin AG, Cappelleri JC & Hvidsten K., 2007) (EHS) and Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males (Morley JE, Charlton E, Patrick P, et al., 2000) (ADAM). The anticipated risk of the aid device is irritation of penile skin.
主要结果指标是通过秒表测量的手淫持续时间的延长，以及通过佩戴在手臂上的振动传感器（PolyGon 3D）获得的振动频率。次要结果指标是早泄诊断工具（Symonds T、Perelman MA、Althof S 等人，2007 年）（PEDT）、国际勃起功能指数（5 个问题版）（Rosen RC、Riley A、Wagner G、Osterloh IH、Kirkpatrick J 和 Mishra A. 1997 年）（IIEF-5）的得分改善情况、1997）（IIEF-5）、勃起硬度评分（Mulhall JP、Goldstein I、Bushmakin AG、Cappelleri JC 和 Hvidsten K.，2007）（EHS）和老年男性雄激素缺乏症（Morley JE、Charlton E、Patrick P 等人，2000）（ADAM）。辅助装置的预期风险是刺激阴茎皮肤。

Inclusion criteria were single men with normal erectile function. Exclusion criteria included the presence of neurological diseases, uncontrolled diabetes, or the use of antidepressants or $5\alpha$$5\alpha$5alpha5 \alpha-reductase inhibitors. The entire use protocol consisted of a 4 weeks training using the male masturbator, with the corresponding time and round-trip frequency recorded through the vibration sensor.
纳入标准为勃起功能正常的单身男性。排除标准包括患有神经系统疾病、糖尿病未得到控制、服用抗抑郁药或 $5\alpha$$5\alpha$5alpha5 \alpha 还原酶抑制剂。整个使用方案包括使用男性自慰器进行为期4周的训练，并通过振动传感器记录相应的时间和往返频率。

The SG Research Club is a non-through-type male masturbators, from Glowing X Palpitation (GXP) Goudou Kaisha, made of thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) material, measuring 198 mm in length, 120 mm in width, and weighing 750 g , featuring intercourse simulation functions, with a vaginal depth of 136 mm . The Sage Lubricant is a low-viscosity, water-based lubricant designed to simulate natural vaginal secretions, with a net weight of 310 $\mathrm{g}(300\mathrm{mL})$$\mathrm{g}(300\mathrm{mL})$g(300mL)\mathrm{g}(300 \mathrm{~mL}) in single bottle. The diatomaceous earth absorbent stick (height $15\mathrm{cm}/\mathrm{\Phi }1.3\mathrm{cm}$$15\mathrm{cm}/\mathrm{\Phi }1.3\mathrm{cm}$15cm//Phi1.3cm15 \mathrm{~cm} / \Phi 1.3 \mathrm{~cm} ) is used to clean the liquid remaining in the masturbation cup after flushing semen to prevent mold. The product diagram is shown in Figure 2. The overall appearance is shown in Figure 3a, while Figure 3b presents the sectional view of realistic vaginal structure. The cross-sectional channel designs within the yellow boxes correspond to the spiked nubs, vaginal folds, and the G-spot bump. These components are designed to replicate realistic anatomical textures and sensations for enhanced experience.
SG Research Club 是 Glowing X Palpitation (GXP) Goudou Kaisha 推出的一款非穿透式男性自慰器，由热塑性弹性体 (TPE) 材料制成，长 198 毫米，宽 120 毫米，重 750 克，具有性交模拟功能，阴道深度为 136 毫米。Sage 润滑剂是一种低粘度水基润滑剂，旨在模拟自然阴道分泌物，单瓶净重 310 $\mathrm{g}(300\mathrm{mL})$$\mathrm{g}(300\mathrm{mL})$g(300mL)\mathrm{g}(300 \mathrm{~mL}) 。硅藻土吸水棒（高度 $15\mathrm{cm}/\mathrm{\Phi }1.3\mathrm{cm}$$15\mathrm{cm}/\mathrm{\Phi }1.3\mathrm{cm}$15cm//Phi1.3cm15 \mathrm{~cm} / \Phi 1.3 \mathrm{~cm} ）用于清洗冲洗精液后残留在自慰杯中的液体，防止发霉。产品示意图如图 2 所示。整体外观如图 3a 所示，图 3b 则是逼真的阴道结构剖面图。黄色方框内的横截面通道设计分别对应尖头阴核、阴道褶皱和 G 点凸起。这些组件旨在复制逼真的解剖纹理和感觉，以增强体验。

The protocol included a 4 weeks training period, and there was no fixed movement to limit the frequency of penis reciprocation. The experimental group used the SG Research Club masturbator for training, while the blank control group continued to train with bare hands. While the participants were masturbating, the stopwatch was used to time the behavior and calculated the frequency using the vibration sensor worn on their arms. Participants are required to report at least 3 sets of valid data including time and frequency every week. In order to eliminate the impact of different lubrication levels on masturbation duration, approximately 20 mL of Sage Lubricant was used for lubrication in a time. Male masturbators, frequency meters and lubricants were provided at no cost to the participants. Before and after the experiment finished, participants were asked to self-assess their sexual and mental health using four questionnaires mentioned above. We did not collect follow-up data on these patients after they completed the study.
训练方案包括为期 4 周的训练，没有固定的动作来限制阴茎往复的频率。实验组使用 SG 研究俱乐部的自慰器进行训练，而空白对照组则继续徒手训练。参与者自慰时，使用秒表对行为进行计时，并通过佩戴在手臂上的振动传感器计算频率。要求参与者每周至少报告 3 组有效数据，包括时间和频率。为了消除不同润滑程度对自慰持续时间的影响，每次使用约 20 毫升的赛琪润滑剂进行润滑。男性自慰器、频率计和润滑剂均免费提供给参与者。实验结束前后，参与者被要求使用上述四份问卷对自己的性健康和心理健康进行自我评估。研究结束后，我们没有收集这些患者的后续数据。

In the time recording table, all times shown are converted into a percentage-based minute unit if no special mark. Based on the vibration sensor readings, time with similar frequency were selected for calculating the average and standard error (SE). We used SPSS Statistics for all statistical analysis.
在时间记录表中，如果没有特殊标记，所有显示的时间都转换成以百分比为基础的分钟单位。根据振动传感器读数，选择频率相近的时间计算平均值和标准误差（SE）。我们使用 SPSS 统计软件进行所有统计分析。

Figure 1. The schematic diagram of (a) through-type and (b) non-through-type masturbation cups
图 1.(a) 穿透式和 (b) 非穿透式自慰杯示意图

Figure 2. The schematic diagram of SG Research Club and accessories: (a) training cup and (b) diatomaceous earth absorbent stick © simulated vaginal lubricant
图 2.SG 研究俱乐部及配件示意图：（a）训练杯和（b）硅藻土吸水棒 © 模拟阴道润滑剂

Figure 3. The schematic diagram of SG Research Club (a) realistic vaginal entrance, (b) sectional diagram of realistic uterus. The cross-sectional diagrams of the yellow boxes 1, 2, and 3 correspond to © spiked nubs, (d) vaginal folds and (e) G-spot bump
图 3.SG 研究会示意图（a）逼真的阴道入口，（b）逼真的子宫剖面图。黄色方框 1、2 和 3 的横截面图分别对应于©尖顶、（d）阴道皱褶和（e）G 点凸起

Initially, 30 men were enrolled, and after 6 men withdrew from the study, the remaining 24 men were divided into the experimental group (EG) and the blank control group (BCG), then continued to participate in the study without any adverse events. The demographic information is shown in Table 1. The mean age of the men in EG was 22.92, while that of the BCG was 22.76. After obtaining height and weight data, the Body Mass Index (BMI)
最初有 30 名男性入选，在 6 名男性退出研究后，其余 24 名男性被分为实验组（EG）和空白对照组（BCG），然后继续参与研究，未发生任何不良事件。人口统计学信息见表 1。EG 组男性的平均年龄为 22.92 岁，BCG 组为 22.76 岁。在获得身高和体重数据后，身体质量指数（BMI）
was also calculated. The BMI the men in EG was 23.9, while that of the BCG was 24.6, all are within the normal range. In order to reduce the error caused by the different initial physical fitness of the selected personnel on the experimental results, an independent sample t-test was performed between the EG and the BCG. As shown in Table 2, all the P-values are greater than 0.05 , indicating that there are no statistically significant differences between two groups in BMI, EHS, AHAM, PEDT, and IIEF-5 before the experiment start.
也进行了计算。EG 男性的体重指数为 23.9，而 BCG 男性的体重指数为 24.6，均在正常范围内。为了减少被选人员初始体能不同对实验结果造成的误差，对 EG 和 BCG 进行了独立样本 t 检验。如表 2 所示，所有 P 值均大于 0.05，表明实验开始前两组人员在 BMI、EHS、AHAM、PEDT 和 IIEF-5 等指标上差异无统计学意义。

As shown in Table 4, the baseline represents the masturbation duration with bare hands for the EG and the BCG before the experiment begins. Additionally, the time spent masturbating with a male masturbator, cup using time, was recorded during the one month. For comparison with the baseline, “4 weeks training” represents the time that the experimental group members masturbated with bare hands after 4 weeks masturbation cup training. After first two weeks training, the average masturbation duration increased from 6.00 min to 8.22 min , an improvement of approximately 2 min 12 sec . After whole four weeks training, the geometric mean of the fold increase in the masturbation duration was $1.92\pm 0.66$$1.92\pm 0.66$1.92+-0.661.92 \pm 0.66. Five participants had a doubling of their time, one participant had even triple his time from 4.47 min to 14.35 min . Compared to the first two weeks, the average masturbation duration (CUT2) increased by 2.83 min . The results of the paired sample $t$$t$tt-test are shown in Table 3 , with a p-value smaller than 0.005 , indicating a highly significant difference. The average masturbation duration with bare hands was 6.76 min , an increase of only 0.76 min (approximately 43 sec ) compared to the baseline. The difference was not significant in contrast to the cup using time with a p-value of 0.342.
如表 4 所示，基线代表实验开始前 EG 和 BCG 的徒手自慰时间。此外，还记录了一个月内与男性自慰者一起自慰的时间，即使用杯子的时间。为了与基线进行比较，"4 周训练 "代表实验组成员在 4 周自慰杯训练后的徒手自慰时间。经过前两周的训练后，平均自慰时间从 6.00 分钟增加到 8.22 分钟，提高了约 2 分 12 秒。经过整整四周的训练后，自慰持续时间折合增加的几何平均数为 $1.92\pm 0.66$$1.92\pm 0.66$1.92+-0.661.92 \pm 0.66 。五名参与者的时间增加了一倍，一名参与者的时间甚至增加了两倍，从 4.47 分钟增加到 14.35 分钟。与前两周相比，平均自慰时间（CUT2）增加了 2.83 分钟。表 3 显示了配对样本 $t$$t$tt 检验的结果，P 值小于 0.005，表明差异非常显著。赤手自慰的平均持续时间为 6.76 分钟，与基线相比仅增加了 0.76 分钟（约 43 秒）。与使用杯子的时间相比，差异并不显著，P 值为 0.342。
As shown in Table 5 and 6, the mean EHS score after 4 weeks training significantly improved to $4.41\pm 0.51$$4.41\pm 0.51$4.41+-0.514.41 \pm 0.51, compared to the baseline score of $3.50\pm 0.67$$3.50\pm 0.67$3.50+-0.673.50 \pm 0.67 with the p-value of 0.002 in the experimental group, while that of blank control group only increased from $3.75\pm 0.45$$3.75\pm 0.45$3.75+-0.453.75 \pm 0.45 to $3.91\pm 0.79$$3.91\pm 0.79$3.91+-0.793.91 \pm 0.79, with the p-value of 0.438 . All of the PEDT score in both groups are lower than 8, indicating that none of the participants were at risk of premature ejaculation. The mean PEDT and AHAM score after 4 weeks training significantly improved to $2.33\pm 1.72$$2.33\pm 1.72$2.33+-1.722.33 \pm 1.72 and $3.08\pm 1.68$$3.08\pm 1.68$3.08+-1.683.08 \pm 1.68, compared to the baseline score of $3.67\pm 2.77$$3.67\pm 2.77$3.67+-2.773.67 \pm 2.77 and $5.00\pm 2.80$$5.00\pm 2.80$5.00+-2.805.00 \pm 2.80 with the p-value of 0.005 and 0.009 in the experimental group while that of blank control group with the p-value of 0.191 and 0.491 were also insignificantly. There was no significant difference in the mean IIEF-5 scores after 4 weeks training between two groups with the p-value of 0.319 and 0.111 . However, when further analyzing the score changes for each of the five questions, there were significant changes for the first and fifth questions, the former assessed the confidence level in maintaining an erection, while the later evaluated the satisfaction with masturbation. The mean score of the first question improved to $4.42\pm 0.67$$4.42\pm 0.67$4.42+-0.674.42 \pm 0.67, compared to the baseline score of $3.92\pm 0.79$$3.92\pm 0.79$3.92+-0.793.92 \pm 0.79 with p-value of 0.007 , while that of the fifth question increased to $4.58\pm 0.51$$4.58\pm 0.51$4.58+-0.514.58 \pm 0.51 from $4.08\pm 0.79$$4.08\pm 0.79$4.08+-0.794.08 \pm 0.79 with p-value of 0.046 in the experimental group. All the mean score of each five questions had no significantly improved in the blank control group.
如表 5 和表 6 所示，与基线得分 $3.50\pm 0.67$$3.50\pm 0.67$3.50+-0.673.50 \pm 0.67 相比，实验组 4 周训练后的 EHS 平均得分明显提高到 $4.41\pm 0.51$$4.41\pm 0.51$4.41+-0.514.41 \pm 0.51 ，P 值为 0.002，而空白对照组仅从 $3.75\pm 0.45$$3.75\pm 0.45$3.75+-0.453.75 \pm 0.45 提高到 $3.91\pm 0.79$$3.91\pm 0.79$3.91+-0.793.91 \pm 0.79 ，P 值为 0.438。两组的 PEDT 分数均低于 8 分，表明参与者均无早泄风险。与基线得分 $3.67\pm 2.77$$3.67\pm 2.77$3.67+-2.773.67 \pm 2.77 和 $5.00\pm 2.80$$5.00\pm 2.80$5.00+-2.805.00 \pm 2.80 相比，实验组的PEDT和AHAM平均得分在4周训练后明显提高到 $2.33\pm 1.72$$2.33\pm 1.72$2.33+-1.722.33 \pm 1.72 和 $3.08\pm 1.68$$3.08\pm 1.68$3.08+-1.683.08 \pm 1.68 ，P值分别为0.005和0.009，而空白对照组的P值分别为0.191和0.491，差异不显著。两组在 4 周训练后的 IIEF-5 平均得分无明显差异，P 值分别为 0.319 和 0.111。然而，在进一步分析五个问题中每个问题的得分变化时，第一个问题和第五个问题有了显著变化，前者评估的是维持勃起的信心水平，后者评估的是手淫的满意度。与基线得分 $3.92\pm 0.79$$3.92\pm 0.79$3.92+-0.793.92 \pm 0.79 相比，实验组第一个问题的平均得分提高到 $4.42\pm 0.67$$4.42\pm 0.67$4.42+-0.674.42 \pm 0.67 ，P 值为 0.007，而第五个问题的平均得分从 $4.08\pm 0.79$$4.08\pm 0.79$4.08+-0.794.08 \pm 0.79 提高到 $4.58\pm 0.51$$4.58\pm 0.51$4.58+-0.514.58 \pm 0.51 ，P 值为 0.046。空白对照组五道题的平均分均无明显提高。

It is worth noting that the difference between CUT1 and the baseline is not significant, with a p-value of 0.663. This is because the cup using time of first two week decreased for participants No. 4 and 9 , leading to an inconsistent overall trend. According to the inquiries, these two participants had never purchased a male masturbator or other adult products before joining this study. The erect penis length of participant No. 4 reaches 13.8 cm which is almost identical to the theoretical vaginal depth of the masturbator. The granular G-spot bump at the bottom of the channel may have caused excessive stimulation. The spiked nubs at the entrance of the male masturbator may have overstimulated the coronal ridge. Although the male masturbator was a low-stimulation, slow-play model, some participants still required time to become accustomed. The enhancement on EHS scores in experimental group suggests participants experienced a significant improvement in their self-assessed erectile hardness and showed a significant increase in their self-assessed penile resistance to stimulation. It is worth noticing that the changes in the AHAM scores showed a starkly opposite trend between two groups. Alwaal et al. (2015) reported that the quality of orgasm achieved through slow stimulation is higher compared to that achieved through fast stimulation. In the experimental group, with similar frequencies of genital stimulation, longer duration means more sufficient stimulation, which led to a higher quality orgasm. In the blank control group, participants reported a decrease in self-assessed hormone levels, indicating lower sexual drive and increased frustration feelings. In the literature review by Cervilla et al. (2024), $71.4\mathrm{\%}$$71.4\mathrm{\%}$71.4%71.4 \% of the studies observed a negative correlation between masturbation and sexual satisfaction in men (Fischer N, Graham CA, Træen B & Hald GM, 2022; Phuah LA, Teng JHJ & Goh PH., 2024). The simulated vaginal appearance of the masturbation cup may eliminate this negative mentality of reduced sexual desire to a certain extent. Participants experienced a significant improvement in both confidence in erection duration and masturbation satisfaction. It could be because the male masturbator provides conditions similar to intercourse, such as the realistic vaginal appearance and internal folds. Rodríguez et al. found that ejaculation training with a masturbation aid stimulates the penile glans similar to intercourse, which helps transfer the experience gained during masturbation to actual sexual activity (Rodríguez JE, Picazo JA, Marzo JC, et al., 2021; Rodríguez JE, Marzo JC & Piqueras JA., 2019). After experiencing prolonged stimulation from the special design features in the male masturbator, participants may
值得注意的是，CUT1 与基线之间的差异并不显著，P 值为 0.663。这是因为 4 号和 9 号参与者前两周使用杯子的时间减少，导致整体趋势不一致。据调查，这两位参与者在参加本研究之前从未购买过男性自慰器或其他成人用品。4 号参与者的阴茎勃起长度达到 13.8 厘米，几乎与自慰器的理论阴道深度相同。通道底部的颗粒状 G 点凸起可能造成了过度刺激。男性自慰器入口处的尖刺可能过度刺激了冠状脊。虽然男用自慰器是一种低刺激、慢速的游戏模式，但一些参与者仍需要时间来适应。实验组 EHS 分数的提高表明，参与者自我评估的勃起硬度有了显著改善，他们自我评估的阴茎对刺激的抵抗力也有了显著提高。值得注意的是，AHAM 分数的变化在两组之间呈现出截然相反的趋势。Alwaal 等人（2015 年）报告称，与快速刺激相比，通过缓慢刺激获得的性高潮质量更高。在生殖器刺激频率相似的实验组中，更长的持续时间意味着更充分的刺激，从而导致更高质量的性高潮。在空白对照组中，参与者自我评估的荷尔蒙水平有所下降，表明性欲降低，挫败感增加。在 Cervilla 等人的文献综述中，"性高潮的质量 "是指性高潮的持续时间。 (2024）， $71.4\mathrm{\%}$$71.4\mathrm{\%}$71.4%71.4 \% 研究观察到男性自慰和性满足之间存在负相关（Fischer N、Graham CA、Træen B 和 Hald GM，2022；Phuah LA、Teng JHJ 和 Goh PH.，2024）。自慰杯的模拟阴道外观可能会在一定程度上消除性欲降低的负面心理。参与者对勃起持续时间和自慰满意度的信心都有了明显的提高。这可能是因为男性自慰器提供了与性交类似的条件，如逼真的阴道外观和内部皱褶。罗德里格斯等人发现，使用自慰辅助工具进行射精训练能刺激阴茎龟头，类似于性交，这有助于将自慰过程中获得的经验转移到实际性活动中（Rodríguez JE、Picazo JA、Marzo JC 等人，2021；Rodríguez JE、Marzo JC & Piqueras JA.，2019）。体验过男性自慰器特殊设计功能带来的长时间刺激后，参与者可能会
have gained more confidence in maintaining a longer erection during actual intercourse without specialized stimulation design.
在没有专门刺激设计的情况下，他们对在实际性交中保持更长时间的勃起更有信心。
There are some limitations to this study. First, the sample size was relatively small while there were only 12 participants in the experimental group. The exact reasons for most of the dropouts are unknown. One of them dropped out because he found a girlfriend during the experiment and the real intercourse would affect the data availability obviously. We speculate that other participants dropped out due to the shame of uploading masturbation data, which is also related to the overall conservative atmosphere of society. Second, the experiment relied on self-reports to measure subjective feelings such as sexual satisfaction, which may introduce bias cause by psychological factors (Cobos-Sanchiz D, Perea-Rodriguez MJ, Morón-Marchena JA & Muñoz-Díaz MC., 2022). Third, the duration of the present study was 4 weeks, and follow-up of the treatment at 2 to 4 months was not performed. Thus, we could not evaluate long-term effects. In conclusion, it not only helps increase the self-pleasure duration, but also helps with erectile function. In addition, the increased confidence in sexual intercourse caused by the simulated intercourse environment provided by the masturbation cup is also worth considering.
本研究存在一些局限性。首先，样本量相对较小，实验组只有 12 名参与者。大部分参与者退出的确切原因尚不清楚。其中一人退出的原因是他在实验期间找到了女朋友，而真实的性交显然会影响数据的可用性。我们推测，其他参与者退出的原因是上传自慰数据的羞耻感，这也与社会的整体保守氛围有关。第二，本实验依靠自我报告来测量性满意度等主观感受，这可能会引入心理因素造成的偏差（Cobos-Sanchiz D, Perea-Rodriguez MJ, Morón-Marchena JA & Muñoz-Díaz MC., 2022）。第三，本研究的持续时间为 4 周，没有进行 2 至 4 个月的跟踪治疗。因此，我们无法评估长期效果。总之，它不仅有助于增加自我快感的持续时间，还有助于勃起功能。此外，自慰杯提供的模拟性交环境所带来的性交信心增强也值得考虑。

Table 1. Demographics of men at baseline
表 1.基线男性人口统计数据

Abbreviations: PG, penicillin; CPC, cephalosporins.
缩写：缩写：PG：青霉素；CPC：头孢菌素。

Table 2. The independent sample t-test between two groups
表 2.两组间的独立样本 t 检验

Table 3. Paired samples t-test of masturbation duration in two groups
表 3.两组自慰持续时间的配对样本 t 检验

*: $\mathrm{p}<0.05$$\mathrm{p}<0.05$p < 0.05\mathrm{p}<0.05 (statistically significant) ${}^{\ast \ast \ast }:\mathrm{p}<0.001$${}^{\ast \ast \ast }:\mathrm{p}<0.001$^(******):p < 0.001{ }^{* * *}: \mathrm{p}<0.001 (very highly significant).
*: $\mathrm{p}<0.05$$\mathrm{p}<0.05$p < 0.05\mathrm{p}<0.05 （有统计学意义） ${}^{\ast \ast \ast }:\mathrm{p}<0.001$${}^{\ast \ast \ast }:\mathrm{p}<0.001$^(******):p < 0.001{ }^{* * *}: \mathrm{p}<0.001 （非常有意义）。
Abbreviations: CUT1, Cup using time for $1^{\text{st}}-2^{\text{nd}}$$1^{\text{st }}-2^{\text{nd }}$1^("st ")-2^("nd ")1^{\text {st }}-2^{\text {nd }} week; CUT2, that for $3^{\text{rd}}-4^{\text{th}}$$3^{\text{rd }}-4^{\text{th }}$3^("rd ")-4^("th ")3^{\text {rd }}-4^{\text {th }} week.
缩写：CUT1， $1^{\text{st}}-2^{\text{nd}}$$1^{\text{st }}-2^{\text{nd }}$1^("st ")-2^("nd ")1^{\text {st }}-2^{\text {nd }} 周的杯子使用时间；CUT2， $3^{\text{rd}}-4^{\text{th}}$$3^{\text{rd }}-4^{\text{th }}$3^("rd ")-4^("th ")3^{\text {rd }}-4^{\text {th }} 周的杯子使用时间。

Table 4. The masturbation duration with hands or male masturbator
表 4.用手或男性自慰者自慰的持续时间

Table 5. Changes in results after 4 weeks training for experimental group
表 5.实验组 4 周训练后的成绩变化

**: $\mathrm{p}<0.01$$\mathrm{p}<0.01$p < 0.01\mathrm{p}<0.01 (highly significant) ${}^{\ast }$${}^{\ast }$^(**){ }^{*} : $\mathrm{p}<0.05$$\mathrm{p}<0.05$p < 0.05\mathrm{p}<0.05 (statistically significant).
**: $\mathrm{p}<0.01$$\mathrm{p}<0.01$p < 0.01\mathrm{p}<0.01 （高度显著） ${}^{\ast }$${}^{\ast }$^(**){ }^{*} : $\mathrm{p}<0.05$$\mathrm{p}<0.05$p < 0.05\mathrm{p}<0.05 （统计显著）。

Table 6. Changes in results after 4 weeks training for blank control group
表 6.空白对照组 4 周训练后的成绩变化

Conceptualization: Wang A. Data curation: Wang A. Formal analysis: Liu QM. Funding acquisition: Liu QM. Methodology: Wang A, Liu QM, Li GN. Project administration: Wang A. Visualization: Wang A, Li GN. Writing original draft: Wang A, Liu QM, Li GN. Writing review & editing: Liu QM, Li GN.
概念化：数据整理：Wang A：形式分析： Liu QM：Liu QM.资金获取： Liu QM：Liu QM.研究方法： Wang A, Liu QM, Li GN：Wang A, Liu QM, Li GN.项目管理： Wang A：可视化： Wang A, Li GN：Wang A, Li GN.撰写原稿： Wang A, Liu QM, Li GN：Wang A, Liu QM, Li GN.写作审核与编辑： Liu QM, Li GN：Liu QM, Li GN.

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. GXP Goudou Kaisha, Inc had no role in study design, data collection, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
本研究未从公共、商业或非营利部门的资助机构获得任何特定资助。GXP Goudou Kaisha, Inc 公司在研究设计、数据收集、发表决定或稿件撰写过程中未发挥任何作用。

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
作者声明，他们没有任何可能会影响本文所报告工作的已知经济利益或个人关系。