1．表面活性剂之所以能降低液体表面张力，是由于结构上含有亲水基团和亲油基团的特点决定的。
1. The reason why surfactants can reduce the surface tension of liquids is determined by the characteristics of hydrophilic groups and lipophilic groups in the structure.

2．一些无机盐可以使水的表面张力略有增加，一些低级醇可以使水的表面张力略有降低。
2. Some inorganic salts can slightly increase the surface tension of water, and some lower alcohols can slightly reduce the surface tension of water.

3．表面活性剂浓度越低，降低表面张力越显著，则表面活性越强，越容易形成正吸附。
3. The lower the concentration of surfactant, the more significant the reduction of surface tension, the stronger the surface activity, and the easier it is to form positive adsorption.

4．与低分子表面活性剂相比，高分子表面活性剂降低表面张力的能力较小，增溶力，渗透力弱，乳化能力较强。
4. Compared with low-molecular-weight surfactants, polymer surfactants have less ability to reduce surface tension, solubilization, weak penetration, and stronger emulsifying ability.

5．Krafft 点是离子表面活性剂的特征值，也是表面活性剂使用温度的下限。（ ）
5. The Krafft dot is the characteristic value of the ionic surfactant and the lower limit of the surfactant's operating temperature. （ ）
6．极性有机物如尿素，$N$$N$NN－甲基乙酰胺，乙二醇等均可升高表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度。
6. Polar organic compounds such as urea, $N$$N$NN -methylacetamide, ethylene glycol, etc. can increase the critical micelle concentration of surfactants.

7．十二烷基硫酸钠又称月桂醇硫酸钠；硫酸化蓸麻油俗称土耳其红油。（ ）
7. Sodium lauryl sulfate, also known as sodium lauryl sulfate; Sulphated sesame oil is commonly known as Turkish red oil. （ ）
8．聚山梨酯，其商品名为司盘（Spans）类，它是由聚山梨糖醇及其单酐和二酐与各种不同的脂肪酸反应所形成的醌类化合物的混合物。
8. Polysorbate, whose trade name is Spans, is a mixture of quinone compounds formed by the reaction of polysorbide and its monoanhydride and dianhydride with various different fatty acids.

9．表面活性剂 Pluronic F－68 有起县现象。
9. Surfactant Pluronic F-68 has a phenomenon of starting the county.
10．聚山梨酯 80 是液体制剂乳剂中常用的 $\mathrm{W}/\mathrm{O}$$\mathrm{W}/\mathrm{O}$W//O\mathrm{W} / \mathrm{O} 型乳化剂。
10. Polysorbate 80 is a commonly used $\mathrm{W}/\mathrm{O}$$\mathrm{W}/\mathrm{O}$W//O\mathrm{W} / \mathrm{O} emulsifier in liquid emulsions.
11．根据三元相图，表面活性剂由于能在油水界面定向排列而起增溶作用。（ ）
11. According to the ternary phase diagram, the surfactant plays a solubilizing role due to its directional arrangement at the oil-water interface. （ ）
12．阴离子表面活性剂除具有良好的表面活性外，都具有很强的杀菌作用，主要用于消毒，杀菌。
12. In addition to having good surface activity, anionic surfactants have a strong bactericidal effect, mainly used for disinfection and sterilization.

13．一般认为阳离子表面活性剂的毒性最大，其次为阴离子型，非离子型毒性最小。
13. It is generally believed that cationic surfactants are the most toxic, followed by anionic and non-ionic forms are the least toxic.
14．表面活性剂的 $HLB$$HLB$HLBH L B 值愈大，亲油性愈强；$HLB$$HLB$HLBH L B 值愈小，亲水性愈弱。（）
14. The greater the $HLB$$HLB$HLBH L B value of surfactant, the stronger lipophilicity; $HLB$$HLB$HLBH L B The smaller the value, the weaker the hydrophilicity. （）
15．表面活性剂的溶解度与温度的关系：表面活性剂的溶解度随温度的升高而增大。
15. The relationship between the solubility of surfactant and temperature: the solubility of surfactant increases with the increase of temperature.

16．表面活性剂 Pluronic F－68 有液态，固态和半固体 3 种状态，均可做为优良的乳化剂。
16. Surfactant Pluronic F-68 is available in three states: liquid, solid and semi-solid, all of which can be used as an excellent emulsifier.

17．根据 $HLB$$HLB$HLBH L B 值的意义，$HLB$$HLB$HLBH L B 值越高亲水性越强，故增溶效果越好。
17. According to the meaning of the $HLB$$HLB$HLBH L B value, the higher the value, $HLB$$HLB$HLBH L B the stronger the hydrophilicity, so the better the solubilization effect.
18．吐温 80 具有增溶作用，对药物的增溶不受添加顺序的影响。
18. Tween 80 has a solubilizing effect, and the solubilization of drugs is not affected by the order of addition.
19．某些非离子型表面活性剂（如吐温，司盘类）其水溶液有＂起浊＂现象。（）
19. Some non-ionic surfactants (such as Tween, spon) have "turbidity" phenomenon in their aqueous solutions. （）
20．表面活性剂具有增溶作用的原因是其具有较高的极性。
20. The reason why surfactants have solubilizing effect is that they have high polarity.
21．在 CMC以上，随着表面活性剂用量的增加，胶束数量达到饱和。（）
21. Above CMC, the number of micelles reaches saturation as the amount of surfactant increases. （）
22．肥皀可与苯扎湩铵合用符合表面活性剂混合体系。（ ）
22. Fertilizer can be combined with benzalmonium in line with surfactant mixing system. （ ）
23．根据表面活性剂复配，阳离子表面活性剂可与含羧基的化合物如羧甲基纤维素，阿拉作胶等合用。
23. According to the surfactant compound, the cationic surfactant can be combined with carboxyl-containing compounds such as carboxymethyl cellulose, alazuo gum, etc.
（ ）
24．根据表面活性剂复配，皀土，白陶土，滑石粉等具负电荷的固体可与阳离子表面活性剂合用。
24. According to the surfactant compound, the negatively charged solids such as clay, white clay, talcum powder can be combined with cationic surfactants.

25．增容是表面活性剂胶束起乳化作用，将药物乳化而使其溶解度增大。
25. Compatibilization is the emulsification of surfactant micelles, which emulsifies the drug and increases its solubility.
26．表面活性剂在水中形成胶束后，才能起乳化作用。
26. The surfactant can only emulsify after forming micelles in water.

27．明胶，聚乙烯醇，聚乙二醇及聚维酮等水溶性高分子对表面活性剂分子有吸附作用，减少溶液中游离表面活性剂分子数量，临界胶束浓度因此升高。
27. Water-soluble polymers such as gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol and povidone have an adsorption effect on surfactant molecules, reduce the number of free surfactant molecules in the solution, and thus increase the critical micelle concentration.

28．表面活性剂（如十二烷基硫酸钠）可溶解生物膜脂质增加上皮细胞的通透性，从而改善吸收。
28. Surfactants (e.g., sodium lauryl sulfate) solubilize biofilm lipids and increase the permeability of epithelial cells, thereby improving absorption.

29．两性离子表面活性剂在碱性水溶液中呈阴离子表面活性剂的性质；在酸性水溶液中则呈阳离子表面活性剂的特性，杀菌力很强。
29. Zwitterionic surfactants are anionic surfactants in alkaline aqueous solutions; In acidic aqueous solution, it has the characteristics of cationic surfactant, and the bactericidal power is very strong.

30．非离子表面活性剂毒性大小顺序为：聚氧乙烯烷基醚＞聚氧乙烯芳基醚＞聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯＞吐温类。
30. The order of toxicity of nonionic surfactants is: polyoxyethylene alkyl ether> polyoxyethylene aryl ether> polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester > Tween class.

31．表面活性剂胶束增溶体系是热力学稳定体系也是热力学平衡体系。（）
31. The surfactant micelle solubilization system is a thermodynamically stable system and a thermodynamic equilibrium system. （）
32．聚氧乙烯－聚氧丙烯共聚物在常压下浊点在 $70\sim {100}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$70\sim {100}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$70∼100^(@)C70 \sim 100^{\circ} \mathrm{C} 之间。
32. Polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymer has a cloud point $70\sim {100}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$70\sim {100}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$70∼100^(@)C70 \sim 100^{\circ} \mathrm{C} between at atmospheric pressure.
33．卵磷脂中磷脂酰胆碱含量高时可作为水包油型乳化剂，肌醇磷脂含量高时为油包水型乳化剂。
33. When the phosphatidylcholine content in lecithin is high, it can be used as an oil-in-water emulsifier, and when the phospholipid content of inositol is high, it can be used as a water-in-oil emulsifier.

34．卵磷脂对热十分敏感，在酸性和碱性条件以及酯酶作用下容易水解，是制备注射用乳剂及脂质微粒制剂的主要辅料。
34. Lecithin is very sensitive to heat, easy to hydrolyze under acidic and alkaline conditions and esterase, and is the main excipient for the preparation of emulsions and lipid particle preparations for injection.

35．聚山梨酯对热稳定，低浓度时在水中形成胶束，其增溶作用不受溶液 pH 值影响。
35. Polysorbate is thermally stable, forming micelles in water at low concentrations, and its solubilization effect is not affected by the pH value of the solution.

36．油溶性表面活性剂（如钙肥皀，丁二酸二辛基磺酸钠，司盘类表面活性剂）在非极性溶剂中可形成类似反向胶束。
36. Oil-soluble surfactants (such as calcium fertilizer, sodium dioctyl sulfonate succinate, and span surfactants) can form similar reverse micelles in non-polar solvents.

37．一些不溶性无机盐（如硫酸钡）能化学吸附阴离子表面活性剂，使溶液中表面活性剂浓度下降。
37. Some insoluble inorganic salts (such as barium sulfate) can chemically adsorb anionic surfactants, so that the concentration of surfactants in the solution decreases.

38．同系物增溶剂，碳链愈长，增溶量愈大；药物的分子量愈大，增溶量也愈大。
38. Solubilization of homologs, the longer the carbon chain, the greater the solubilization; The greater the molecular weight of the drug, the greater the solubilization.

39．$CMC$$CMC$CMCC M C 越低，缔合数越大，$MAC$$MAC$MACM A C 就越高。
39. $CMC$$CMC$CMCC M C The lower it is, the larger the association number, the higher it is. $MAC$$MAC$MACM A C
40．新洁尔灭是阴离子表面活性剂。  40. Xinjieerdi is an anionic surfactant.
41．表面活性剂由于能在油水界面定向排列而起增溶作用。
41. Surfactants play a solubilizing role because they can be arranged in a directional manner at the oil-water interface.
42．$CMC$$CMC$CMCC M C 是指在一定温度下，药物溶解在一定浓度的增溶剂中的最大量。
42. $CMC$$CMC$CMCC M C Refers to the maximum amount of a drug dissolved in a solubilizer of a certain concentration at a certain temperature.

1．增溶体系是 $$$$qquad\qquad ， $$$$qquad\qquad和 $$$$qquad\qquad组成的三元体系；三元体系的最佳配比常通过实验制作 $$$$qquad\qquad相图来确定。
1. The solubilization system is $$$$qquad\qquad a $$$$qquad\qquad ternary system $$$$qquad\qquad composed of , and ; The optimal ratio of the ternary system is often determined by experimentally making $$$$qquad\qquad phase diagrams.
2．对于弱酸性药物而言，在偏 $$$$qquad\qquad性环境中有较大程度的增溶，对于弱碱性药物而言，在偏 $$$$qquad\qquad性环境中有较大程度的增溶，对于两性离子，在 $$$$qquad\qquad有最大增溶量。
2. For weakly acidic drugs, there is a greater degree of solubilization in the bias $$$$qquad\qquad environment, for weakly alkaline drugs, there is a greater degree of solubilization in the bias $$$$qquad\qquad environment, and for zwitterion ions, $$$$qquad\qquad there is a maximum solubilization amount.

3．温度对增溶存在三方面的影响：影响 $$$$qquad\qquad的形成，影响 $$$$qquad\qquad的溶解，影响 $$$$qquad\qquad的溶解度。
3. There are three effects of temperature on solubilization: the formation $$$$qquad\qquad of the influence, $$$$qquad\qquad the dissolution of the influence, and $$$$qquad\qquad the solubility of the influence.
4．$CMC$$CMC$CMCC M C 是指增溶剂的 $$$$qquad\qquad。
4. Refers $CMC$$CMC$CMCC M C to solubilizer $$$$qquad\qquad .
5．表面活性剂的 $HLB$$HLB$HLBH L B 值是指 $$$$qquad\qquad ，它的大小标志某表面活性剂的 $$$$qquad\qquad。
5. The $HLB$$HLB$HLBH L B value of surfactant refers to $$$$qquad\qquad the size of which indicates a surfactant. $$$$qquad\qquad
6．根据分子组成特点和极性基团的解离性质，将表面活性剂分为 $$$$qquad\qquad和 $$$$qquad\qquad。根据离子表面活性剂所带电荷，可分为 $$$$qquad\qquad ， $$$$qquad\qquad
6 $$$$qquad\qquad . According to the characteristics of molecular composition and the dissociation properties of polar groups, the surfactant is divided into $$$$qquad\qquad and . According to the charge of ionic surfactants, it can be divided into $$$$qquad\qquad , $$$$qquad\qquad
$$$$qquad\qquad。
7．聚氧乙烯－聚氧丙烯共聚物又称 $$$$qquad\qquad ，商品名 $$$$qquad\qquad －
7. Polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymer is also known as $$$$qquad\qquad , trade name $$$$qquad\qquad -